N1MM
Multi-op Contesting
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1.
Features
·
2.
Information
o
2.1.
Rules
o
2.2. Displaying Rules
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3.
Macro keys
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4.
Features
·
5.
Where to Place the Database Files
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6.
Other Information
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7. Example Networked-Computer Setup
o
7.1.
Before the Contest
o
7.2.
During the Contest
o
7.3.
After the Contest
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8. Networked-Computer Log Synchronization
·
9. Multi-Multi Distributed - Networked-Computers via
the Internet
o
9.1.
Configuration
o
9.2. Footswitch Support for Lockout
It
is possible to use N1MM logger in a multi-computer networking environment,
either supporting the multi-operator contest categories or for special purposes
for a single operator (continuous backup, two-computer SO2R, to separate the
radio control and Internet access functions into two computers, ...). For this
to work you need at least two networked computers, with a maximum of 16. These
computers need to have network interface cards or wireless interfaces. The
networking protocol used is TCP/IP. Each computer has its own separate copy of
the database; this is not a client-server shared-database configuration.
Nevertheless, the network needs a so-called "Master" station. The
"Master" station is the one that sets the time, connects to packet/telnet,
etc. The Master station is always station number 0, in the "Edit Station
Computer Names" table.
1. Features
- Maximum of
16 networked computers with one 'master' station (0-15)
- Use of
standard network interface cards (NIC's) and wireless interfaces
- Dynamic
naming or static IP addressing can be used for station identification
- Connected
computers can be on the same subnet, or distributed across a wide area to
any internet-connected computer
- Talk
capability between networked stations
- Automatic
time synchronization
- Pass
frequency information between stations
- DX Spots
from Telnet or Packet
- Distributed
to all connected computers
- The ability
to send spotting commands from any station on the network
- Error
messages when a station can't be questioned/updated
- The Info
Window gives status information and extra options
- The Config
menu has a special Multi-User Tools menu
- Auto resync
when a station comes on-line
Turning
Off Networked-Computer Mode
NEVER turn off
the networked-computer switch during a contest. This results in contacts being
logged to the wrong station while the networked-computer switch is turned off.
During testing, to simulate a network failure, kill the ethernet connection.
CAUTION about
Software Lockouts
The
"Force Other Station to Stop Transmitting When I Transmit" and
"Block my Tx Only if Other Stn Transmitting on Same Band&Mode
(Multi-One)" menu items are software lockouts. They are subject to
network latencies and cannot be guaranteed to prevent simultaneous transmitting.
Because of network latencies, lost packets, network dropouts or network
failures there could be short overlaps in transmissions, or even complete
failure of the lockout. For protection against damage from simultaneous
transmitting, and/or to be absolutely certain that contest rules forbidding
simultaneous transmissions are obeyed at all times, you must use a dependable
hardware lockout system. Do not depend on software lockouts to prevent
equipment damage and do not expect software lockouts to give you an ironclad
guarantee of compliance with contest rules!
2. Information
- Connection
status:
- Green -
Connected
- Red - Not
connected, but the other computer is being actively polled. Initially,
when a computer is unable to reach another computer in the N1MM Logger
network, the connection "ball" in the Info Window will turn red
polling for the unreachable computer will continue for 3 minutes. . Users
may experience delays or stuttering in this state. After 3 minutes, the
polling will be automatically suspended, and the connection
"ball" will turn blue. Since polling has been suspended, there
will be no performance impact on users. When the unreachable computer
comes back on-line, the computers will automatically reconnect, and the
connection "ball" will turn green.
- Blue - Not
connected, but the other computer is not being polled. When the other
computer becomes reachable, the connection will be automatically
reestablished. Users will not experience delays or stuttering in this
state.
- Light red -
Connection in progress or connection lost, the program will try to solve
this situation. This is a transient state.
- Station name
- Pass
frequency - clicking the pass frequency will send a message to the
selected station. If the selected station is your own computer then the
left VFO frequency will be changed to the current pass frequency.
- Is he
running or S&P
- Who is the
operator
- Rate
information
- Run/pass
frequency
2.1. Rules
The following
'smart' rules for run/pass frequency are implemented.
- Running
- I'm on
& running
- If the
running check box is checked, always send to run frequency
- Not running
- I have a
run frequency, but I'm chasing a multiplier
- The run
frequency holds for 1 min, then gets zeroed
- I'm not
running, and I have a pass frequency way up the band
- The user
will have to specify the pass frequency
- Don't pass,
my pass frequency is no good
- I guess it
is the operators responsibility to zero the pass frequency
- Maybe a
timer to remind if no QSOs on pass frequency for n minutes? (not yet
implemented)
- Don't pass,
my CQ frequency is no good
- Timer with
no CQ's or QSOs on run frequency for 1 min? (not yet implemented)
2.2. Displaying
Rules
Running - Show the run frequency
Not running - Show the pass frequency if non-zero, if
no pass frequency then show last CQ frequency if non-zero.
3. Macro keys
Macro key substitution is
supported by most programmable buttons in the program. For Multi-User mode
there are a few specific macros which can be found on the Macros Chapter.
4. Features
- Call
stacking - Call
stacking between computers, enter a callsign on a remote computers 'stack'
- To indicate
which station you want to stack for, right click on it's
"cue-ball" in the info window, and select the option
"Target for call stacking"
- A maximum
of one callsign can be stacked. If the stack is empty another one may be
stacked
- Prohibit
transmitting
- If another
station is sending (single operator or multi-one) don't allow sending if
another station is sending
- If another
station is sending (multi-two or multi-multi) don't allow sending on same
band
- See also
the option in the Networked-Computer tools under Config: Force Other
Station to Stop Transmitting When I Transmit
5. Where to Place
the Database Files
Do not share the log on a server, place it
locally on the hard disk of each station.
- Sharing logs
on a server will MOSTLY not work. Mostly is not good enough. You will
think you are ok, but are not. I do not check for Networked-Computer
temporary errors. The program was NOT designed nor tested for this
- Having the
log on every PC provides redundancy, which is important in an RF-filled
environment
- It will not
perform as well. Local access is almost always faster.
There is no harm in using a server to aid in copying files. The mdb files are
simply files. They may be moved around. It is best to close the program before
moving them, as with any program writing to an open file.
6. Other
Information
- Deleting
QSOs made by another station in a Networked-Computer situation is not
allowed, and a warning message is shown. QSO's must be deleted on the
station that made the QSO.
- Station 0
sends all incoming spots to every station so the bandmaps are being
filled. Use the Telnet window (not the Packet window) on the other
computers in the network. If you send a message to the packet cluster from
any station in the network it will be sent out to packet/telnet via
computer 0. The received answer from the packet cluster will be send out
on the network to all stations
- The program
should not be shutdown while initializing Networked-Computer mode,
otherwise unpredictable situations could occur
- You will be
prompted for the operator call if it has not been entered (with Ctrl+O). A
periodic warning message will be shown if no operator has been specified
- After you
have entered the operator call, you can go to Save Window Positions on the
entry window's Tools menu and save the window setup for that particular
operator. Thereafter, when that operator signs on again, the window setup
will be adjusted to the operator's preference.
- The CQ/pass
frequencies will be requested at startup
- When going
through the possible contests you will see a "contest"
DELETEDQS. This is not a contest but deleted QSOs will be moved here by
the program. This can be useful after the contest.
- Connection
status is shown at the bottom of the info window
- A connection
is checked every 10 seconds
- All
connections are stopped/started when the database, the contest or the
connection list is changed
- Also
Non-master stations are allowed to close telnet/packet ports
- Time
synchronization is only shown on the master station
- Non-master
stations in Windows Vista, 7 or 8 should be run using the "Run as
Administrator" option in Windows, in order to allow the Master
station to adjust the system time in the non-master stations so all
computers have the same time
- If you Mark
or Store spots on a local machine, they will be Marked or Stored on all
other machines
- The station
name prefixes telnet/packet commands that are displayed. The prefix is not
sent to the cluster. Example: 20M sh/dx
- When a
connection drops out it will try to reconnect every 30 seconds
- Ctrl+Alt+M
changes the station status. For Multi-single, ctrl-alt-M changes toggles
the station between Run and Mult status. For multi-2, ctrl-alt-M toggles
the station between Run1 and Run2 status. This station status will be
shown on the Cabrillo output.
- In the
multi-multi category the Cabrillo output will show the station number. In
the multi-single category, the Cabrillo output will show whether the QSO
was made by the Run or Mult station. In the mult-2 category, the Cabrillo
output will show whether the QSO was made by the Run1 or Run2 station.
- Any station
that is harmonically related with the frequency will be colored red in the
Info window
- For single
operator and multi-one, the operator callsign will be colored red when
transmitting
- Group edits
are not allowed in the Log window while in Networked-Computer mode
- If a station
has selected 'Config | Networked-Computer Tools | Don't work non-mults' ,
CQing on that station is not allowed
- Only the
master station will auto-reconnect to packet/telnet when enabled
7. Example
Networked-Computer Setup
The example below uses file
sharing and Netbios lookup for computer (you can see them in the Networking
environment). This is not necessary for N1MM logger to work in
Networked-Computer mode. When the computers can be 'pinged' from both sides
this is enough to work. All lines with a * are not necessary to work but are
nice to have for other purposes like updating of files etc. This does not mean
that the action mentioned should not be done. It can also be done via other
media (CD / diskettes). In that case the Windows network is not used, as the
N1MM network is using the TCP/IP stack only.
7.1. Before the
Contest
NOTE: This has been copied verbatim from N1MM Classic, and is severely out
of date. Do not rely on it.
Master computer
- Enable File
sharing for Windows networks (*)
- Have all
installation files ready on master (*)
- Set Master
IP address according to Station Computer Names list (see below)
- Note
previous IP setting for restoration after contest
- Note master
Windows computer (NetBIOS) name & workgroup (*)
- Start N1MM
Logger
- Select a new
empty database (e.g. PACC2003.MDB) on master
- Start a new
log for the contest (e.g. PACC) (check manual)
- Configure
Function keys (SSB/CW/Packet)
- Edit Station
Computer Names according to plan. For example:
- Stn#:Stn
Name Computer IP Address
- 0:master
192.168.10.10
- 1:160M
192.168.10.1
- 2:80M
192.168.10.2
- Load the
relevant country file (e.g. CTY-PACC.DAT) (Tools menu)
- Download the
latest Master.scp file from the Internet (File>Download Latest Check
Partial (master.scp)...)
- Establish DX
cluster communications on the master computer (Packet or Telnet)
- Setup or
disable internal firewall
Non-master computers
- Install
Network card& TCP/IP when not already done
- Setup or
disable internal firewall
- Enable File
sharing for Windows networks (*)
- Set IP
address according to Station Computer Names list
- Note
previous IP setting for restoration after contest
- Find master
on the Windows network (*)
- Use Search
Computers in Network Neighborhood/Places using the masters Windows
computer (NetBIOS) name)
- Install/Update
N1MM Logger
- Copy from
master via network (*)
- Copy
database (eg.PACC2003.MDB) from master on this computer
- Copy from
master via network (*)
- Copy WAV
directory from master on this computer
- Copy from
master via network (*)
All computers
- Start N1MM
Logger
- Import
windows settings
- Open
database (e.g. PACC2003.MDB) ('File menu) | Select: PACC log')
- Set
Networked-Computer mode on
- Setup
configuration (Rig control, PTT, CW)
- Turn off
Windows sounds if using WAV files
- Control
Panel - Sounds - Scheme: No Sounds
Always
- Make sure
you are running the same version of the program on all computers
- Make sure
you are using the same contest on all computers
- Make sure
that all computers have the same time zone and daylight savings offset
- Preferable,
see if all computers have the same regional settings for numbers, dates,
currency, etc
- Preferable,
see if all computers have the same short and long date and time formats
7.2. During the
Contest
- Check master
time setting regularly
- Use
Internet time server if possible so it is done automatically
- Observe
network status, and reconnect/resync if necessary on all computers
- Note that a
resync only imports QSOs to the computer you import from! The computer
where the import comes from is not being updated with the log from computer
where you import to. Stated another way, a workstation will always
"pull" QSOs from another workstation log, it never
"pushes" QSOs out.
Changing Out a
Computer During a Contest
The best way to
swap out a computer in the middle of a contest is to simply leave the old
computer in the computer names list, and add the new computer to the end of the
computer names list.
The new computer
should have a unique IP address - different than the old computer. Yes, you
would have to change the computer names table on every computer in the network,
but it is the most fail-safe method.
You should
definitely NOT try changing the IP address of the new computer to the same IP
address as the old computer, nor remove the old computer from the station
computer names list. Doing either of those is asking for problems.
7.3. After the
Contest
- Make sure
all used computers are connected
- Do a resync
on all computers
- Check
QSOs/multiplier status on all computers & compare
- Copy &
compact database (e.g. PACC2003.MDB) to backup directory
- Restore IP
settings & Windows sounds scheme on borrowed PCs
8.
Networked-Computer Log Synchronization
Log synchronization is
something you should run very infrequently. Each station has its own copy of
the log, so syncing them is only necessary to keep track of mults. They will
get out of sync when one of the stations goes off line. Generally, you should
only need to resync the last hour, if you were disconnected for less time than
that. If a new station comes on line, then one of the stations should email him
their database, and he can resync the log when he gets it, for the few minutes
he missed. Where it would take a long time is when a station was off for many
hours, and you want to preserve any contacts that may be in his log, but not in
the others.
9. Multi-Multi
Distributed - Networked-Computers via the Internet
It is possible to set up N1MM
Logger to allow some or all of the other stations outside your LAN to
communicate over the internet. Possible uses for this feature are: Headquarters
(HQ) stations in the IARU contest, the CQWW "Extreme" category, and
distributed special event stations.
9.1.
Configuration
There are some
caveats when trying this. You need more than basic computer knowledge for this.
You need to know about IP-addresses, firewalls, routers, port settings, NAT
etc.
You need to know
your computer (external) IP-address. When directly connected to the internet,
this can be obtained using the program ipconfig. The command 'ipconfig' should
be entered in a command (cmd) window to see the output. When your computer is
in a LAN your connection to the internet will probably be made via a router.
All computers will use internal IP-addresses; the router uses the external
IP-address. This link will give your (external) ip-address:
http://www.whatsmyip.org/
When a
Networked-Computer connection is not working, check the external IP-addresses.
It is strongly recommended that static external IP addresses be used. When DHCP
is used to obtain the external IP address from the Internet Service Provider
(ISP), the external IP address can change at random and unexpected times. You
should not depend on Dynamic DNS (dyndns.org) and similar services to provide
the correct IP address to other computers in the extended network. Often, the
domain name-to-IP address mapping is stored in your local computer or router,
and may not be updated by Dynamic DNS.
The router should
be set up to route incoming UDP and TCP traffic to your local PC IP address.
This is done using a router feature that is typically called Network Address
Translation (NAT), Port Forwarding or Port Redirection.
The incoming port
will be 12070 + Station Nr (0-15). 12070 is used for the first PC in the list,
12071 for the second etc.
You must also
configure your computer and router Firewall(s) to allow port 12070 + Station Nr
(0-15) to be passed for incoming UDP and TCP traffic.
>Config
>Edit Station Computer Names
- Computers
using N1MM logger in the local network need to use the local IP address,
computers outside the local network need to use the external ip-address
from the external network. The router on the external network should use
port forwarding to the correct computer using N1MM logger
- Example
setup:
- The address
192.168.1.11 is the local IP-address at my end (PA1M)
- The first
two entries are two instances of N1MM logger on two different PC's from
Tom (N1MM)
- Example
'Port redirection table' in the router used at PA1M, the given names
differ per router brand:
- Service
name : N1MM (does not matter)
- Protocol:
TCP and UDP
- Public
Port: 12072
- 12072 =
12070 + 2, my local pc which needs to be connected from the 'outside'
- Private
IP: 192.168.1.11
- Private
Port: 12072
- Active:
Yes
- NB the
IP-address given in this example is not the IP-address used by Tom, N1MM
any more
The latencies
when we tested were in the 100 mSec range.
IP Addresses
The list of IP
addresses needs to be different on each machine. Make sure the remote machine
has its external IP address, and the local machine(s) has its internal address
Example at PA1M
0:N1MM 64.252.138.65
1:N1MM-2 64.252.138.65
2:PA1M 192.168.1.11
Configure router
and firewall to pass and forward UDP and TCP port 12072 to 192.168.1.11
Example at
N1MM
0:N1MM 192.168.0.1
1:N1MM-2 192.168.0.2
2:PA1M 63.133.11.55
Configure router
and firewall to pass and forward UDP and TCP port 12070 to 192.168.0.1.
Configure router and firewall to pass and forward UDP and TCP port 12071 to
192.168.0.2.
9.2. Footswitch
Support for Lockout
Footswitch
lockout support has been added for multiple distributed stations.
In the IARU contest a headquarters station is allowed to use multiple stations
located within one IARU zone, but the rule of one signal per band/mode is still
in effect. So there could be 2 (one running station and another looking for
multiplier) or more stations on the same band and same mode and they should
keep only one TX signal on this band at any time. Now you can hook up a
footswitch to the LPT port 15 (the LPT port must be enabled even if it is not
being used for other purposes. There is no special check box to turn the
footswitch feature on/off). If the station is not in multi-multi operator
category the footswitch will directly control PTT just like Alt+T. If it is a
multi-multi station (connected to other stations on LAN or via the Internet in
Multi User mode) it will prevent two stations on the network from both
transmitting on the same band/mode combination.
This is a software lockout only, and is subject to network latencies. As such,
it should be considered a backup. Multiple stations on the same band/mode
should always coordinate operations (with the help of message passing over the
network from the Info window), and not depend on software lockout to ensure
compliance with contest rules.